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DOWNWARD TRAJECTORY OF SIN (4)


Leviticus 4:27–35

4:27 “‘If anyone of the common people sins unwittingly, in doing any of the things which Yahweh has commanded not to be done, and is guilty,
28 if his sin which he has sinned is made known to him, then he shall bring for his offering a goat, a female without defect, for his sin which he has sinned.
29 He shall lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and kill the sin offering in the place of burnt offering.
30 The priest shall take some of its blood with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering; and the rest of its blood he shall pour out at the base of the altar.
31 All its fat he shall take away, like the fat is taken away from the sacrifice of peace offerings; and the priest shall burn it on the altar for a pleasant aroma to Yahweh; and the priest shall make atonement for him, and he shall be forgiven.
32 “‘If he brings a lamb as his offering for a sin offering, he shall bring a female without defect.
33 He shall lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and kill it for a sin offering in the place where they kill the burnt offering.
34 The priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering; and all the rest of its blood he shall pour out at the base of the altar.
35 He shall remove all its fat, like the fat of the lamb is removed from the sacrifice of peace offerings. The priest shall burn them on the altar, on the offerings of Yahweh made by fire. The priest shall make atonement for him concerning his sin that he has sinned, and he shall be forgiven.
Romans 1:28-31

1:28 Even as they refused to have God in their knowledge, God gave them up to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not fitting;
29 being filled with all unrighteousness, sexual immorality, wickedness, covetousness, malice; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, evil habits, secret slanderers,
30 backbiters, hateful to God, insolent, arrogant, boastful, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,
31 without understanding, covenant breakers, without natural affection, unforgiving, unmerciful;

Paul descends to a list of “all unrighteousness,” while Leviticus descends to the sins of the common people.
Translations
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Hebrew:

LXX:

Greek:
Commentary
A person who is not a leader has the opportunity to sin individually. Paul does not allow the world to rest in the excuse of unintentional sin. His echo includes the word “refused.” Could Paul be suggesting that the person in Leviticus who “sins unwittingly” does so because he refuses to become more knowledgeable of God’s commands (echo 1)?
Translations
update new database-driven translations to match (see old for reference)
Hebrew:

LXX:

Greek:
Commentary
The word “fitting,” from the Greek verb katheko, can also be translated “proper,” “required by duty,” or “should be allowed.” Thus, things that are “not fitting” precisely echo the phrase in Leviticus, “not to be done” (echo 2).
Translations
update new database-driven translations to match (see old for reference)
Hebrew:

LXX:

Greek:
Commentary
Concerning Rom. 1:29, the echo of “unrighteousness,” indeed the echo of the entire list of sins, may be found in Lev. 4:35, which foreshadows that though a coming priest (Jesus Christ) a path to forgiveness may be found for even the most heinous of sins (echo 3).